Identification of water pollution sources and analysis of pollution trigger conditions in Jiuqu River, Luxian County, China.

Against the backdrop of ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yangtze River Basin, there is an increasing demand for enhanced water pollution prevention and control in small watersheds. To delve deeper into the intricate relationship between pollutants and environmental features, as well as explore the key factors triggering pollution and their corresponding warning thresholds, this study was conducted along the Jiuqu River, a strategically managed unit in the upstream region of the Yangtze River, between 2022 and 2023. A total of seven monitoring sites were established, from which 161 valid water samples were collected. The k-nearest neighbors mutual information (KNN-MI) technique indicated that water temperature (WT) and relative humidity (RH) were the main environmental factors. The principal component analysis (PCA) of ten water quality parameters and three environmental factors unveiled the distinguishing characteristics of the primary pollution sources. Consequently, the pollution sources were categorized as treated wastewater > groundwater runoff > phytoplankton growth > abstersion wastewater > agricultural drainage. Furthermore, the regression decision tree (RDT) algorithm was used to explore the combined effects between pollutants and environmental factors, and to provide visual decision-making process and quantitative results for understanding the triggering mechanism of organic pollution in Jiuqu River. It conclusively identifies total phosphorus (TP) as the predominant triggering parameter with the threshold of 0.138 mg/L. The study is helpful to deal with potential water pollution problems preventatively and shows the interpretability and predictive performance of the RDT algorithm in water pollution prevention.

Reconstruction of the thumb interphalangeal joint from the second toe proximal interphalangeal joint combined with artificial dermis covering: A case report.

RATIONALE: Thumb function is one of the most fundamental components of hand function, and a vast majority of hand functions are derived from thumb motion. Injury of the thumb interphalangeal joint has a tremendous impact on the function of the thumb, and damage to the thumb interphalangeal joint (IPJ) caused by trauma is usually accompanied by dislocation of the surrounding skin; therefore, it is particularly important to restore the thumb anatomy and skin coverage. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 41-year-old woman presented with IPJ disfigurement accompanied by a local skin defect caused by machine compression of her right thumb. Restoring the appearance and function of the thumb is key to this operation. DIAGNOSES: Open fracture of the right thumb. INTERVENTIONS: After detailed preoperative and radiographic evaluation, the appearance and function of the thumb were reconstructed by IPJ grafting and artificial dermis covering. OUTCOMES: At 4 months' follow-up, the patient's visual analogue score was 0, no complications (eg, osteomyelitis, osteolysis, osteoarthritis, and nonunion of the artificial dermis) were observed, and the range of motion of the thumb IPJ returned to 60% of that of the healthy side. LESSONS: The innovative application of the second toe proximal IPJ flap combined with double-layer artificial dermis covering to reconstruct the thumb IPJ defect not only solves the problem of skin defects in the recipient area after transplantation in previous cases but also restores the beauty of the recipient area, making it easier for patients to accept this surgical program.

Uncertainty health risk assessment and regional control of drinking water: a case study of Hanyuan County, southwest mountainous area, China.

To evaluate the health risks of drinking water in Hanyuan County, 96 samples of peripheral drinking water were collected from 30 sites in the area. The samples were then analyzed for chemical properties including Fe, Mn, NH3-N, [Formula: see text], F-, Pb, Hg, As, Cr(VI), Cd, and so on. The health risks of ten trace elements in drinking water were probabilistically assessed using the health risk assessment model and Monte Carlo simulation. On this basis, sequential indicator simulations were used to classify the health risk levels of drinking water in the region, to conduct hierarchical management and control. The results showed that except for [Formula: see text], all other indicators met World Health Organization standards and China's drinking water sanitation standards. Drinking water presents a specific carcinogenic risk to adults, and the cumulative contribution of As and Cr(VI) exceeds 95%, and has a specific non-carcinogenic risk to children if the cumulative contribution of F-, [Formula: see text], and As exceeds 90%. Grade I, II, and III non-carcinogenic risk areas accounted for 0.89%, 24.72%, and 74.39% of the total area of Hanyuan County, respectively, while grade I, II, and III carcinogenic risk areas accounted for 27.71%, 45.56%, and 26.73% of the total Hanyuan County area, respectively. Finally, according to the health risk characteristics of each control area, corresponding zoning control suggestions were proposed.

Research on emergency treatment technology for water pollution accidents where the pollutants are not included in the emergency database.

At present, emergency treatment methods are selected based on case or technical database, and it is limited to chemicals in pollution accidents covered by the database. Based on the existing emergency treatment technical database, this paper adds a new chemical characteristics database from the physicochemical properties of chemicals such as toxicity and solubility. Combining the weight of characteristic indexes calculated by the Criteria Importance Though Intercriteria Correlation method combined with the Entropy Weight (CRITIC-EW) method and Manhattan distance, a model is constructed to preliminarily select alternative technologies for a target pollutant. Then, Decision-Makers (DMs) can evaluate alternative technologies using the compound language combined comparative language based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (HFLTS) and single language. And alternative technologies are ranked by applying Technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. The closest alternative technology is the most suitable. Taking Bisphenol A (BPA) pollution accident as an example, this method is verified. By analyzing physicochemical properties, forms, and uses between similar chemicals and BPA, as well as applicability of alternative technologies, the emergency treatment method proposed in this study is proved feasible.

New bisabolane-type phenolic sesquiterpenoids from the marine sponge Plakortis simplex.

Six new bisabolane-type phenolic sesquiterpenoids, including plakordiols A-D (1-4), (7R, 10R)-hydroxycurcudiol (5) and (7R, 10S)-hydroxycurcudiol (6) were isolated from the marine sponge Plakortis simplex collected from the South China Sea. Their structures were determined based on extensive analysis of spectroscopic data. Their configurations were assigned by coupling constant analysis, NOESY correlations, and the modified Mosher's method. Furthermore, their cytotoxic and antibacterial activities were evaluated.